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No. 011AI SystemsPattern

Skill Routing Economics

Why the cost of a skill library is routing attention, not tokens

Skill libraries grow because deleting a skill has a visible cost and no visible benefit, and the assumed price is tokens. Measured on a production agent with about 100 skills, the always-on skill block cost about 11,500 tokens a turn but ran at an 87 percent cache hit rate. The real constraint is the model's routing attention: every description is a candidate answer in a multiple-choice question the model answers each turn, so each added skill adds a wrong answer. We give five laws, five operations with measurable triggers, and a split of skill content by consumer: structured preconditions for the runtime, natural language triggers for the model.

Date
AUG 2026
Read
4 min
Depth
Depth: SurfaceSurface
Cluster
AI Systems
Department
Research Engineering
Provenance
Third Signal skill packs · public repository · v1.0.0
Authors
Third Signal Lab
5:56
AI-generated explainer, made from this paper with Gemini Notebook. The paper is the source of record.
About 4 min left

Thesis

The cost of a skill library is routing attention, not tokens.

On a production agent with about 100 skills, the always-on skill block was about 11,500 tokens per turn, but the prompt cache hit rate was 87 percent, so real spend was roughly a fifth of nominal. Token cost was never the constraint.

01 · Argument

Treat the skill block as a routing table, not a library.

Every description is a candidate answer in a multiple-choice question the model answers on every turn. Adding a skill does not only add tokens. It adds a wrong answer. Prune for discriminability, not size.

Evidence

Descriptions are uniform, 300 to 374 characters, so only fewer skills helps.

Median 332, minimum 300, maximum 374 across 100 skills: there are no outliers to trim. Eighteen percent of skills had never been invoked, and a third had been invoked exactly once.

Diagram · Split by consumer

Preconditions go to the runtime as structured data and never reach the prompt. The semantic trigger goes to the model as natural language, and only when the preconditions pass.

Signal 01Weight 5 of 5Proposed
“Adding a skill does not only add tokens. It adds a wrong answer.”
Signal 02
“A skill that is never invoked is worse than unused. It is an active wrong answer in every routing decision.”

Tension

The headline saving was imaginary.

An audit found 62 percent of skills declared a gateable dependency and projected a 44 percent saving. The platforms in use shared nearly identical toolsets, so almost no gate could fire. The pack records the error as an anti-pattern instead of dropping it.

Implication

Demote, do not only kill.

The awkward cohort is skills invoked exactly once over months. Killing them loses capability and leaving them taxes every turn. Demotion keeps them reachable by name and out of the routing block.

Provenance

Derived from an audit of a production agent's routing block, including the numbers that overturned the audit's own first conclusions. The raw audit table is not published with the pack.